My two pences in this subject

There are two reasons this movie, to me, is a movie with strong anti-war-themes.
Tolerance: Tolerance is a very important ingredient of peace (and intolerance a frequent ingredience of hate/war). We have several groupes of people who join against a common ennemy, despite their differences. The first group is Josey (white) with Lone Watie (Cherokee) and Moonlight (Navajo). These three different cultures join against their common ennemy, the union. The second group is grandma from Kansas who joins Josey from Missouri because of the common ennemy the comancheros. Without the common ennemies there are chances these people would never have talked to eachother. This is especially true for grandma, who says:
He's from Missouri, where they're all known to be killers of innocent men, women and children
She also has a distorted perception of her own "side", shown when she says:
He was killed in the border war by ruffians. He died a proud member of senator Jim Lane's Redlegs, fighting for the just cause
which to Josey must have sounded like an insult.
But despite their predjudices and differences, all the involved members become a unity. This is expressed when Lone Watie says:
Grandma says it's our home. It is all of ours.
Later, to demonstrate that the tolerance and acceptance is lived, not only talked about is that nice little scene:
Grandma to LW: You know, we're sure going to show them redskins something tomorrow. No offence meant.
LW: None taken
The tolerance even reaches outside that little community to the Comanches, to Ten Bear
Governements don't live together, people live together...I'm just giving you life and you're giving me life. And I'm saying men can live together without butchering one another
Short summary: if everyone were that tolerant, there would be no war!
The use of violence doesn't bring healing:The second reason I think this is a film that should make us realize the futility of war is the story itself. After all, it's a peaceful farmer becoming a cold-blooded killer becoming (IMO) a peaceful farmer again. I know this can be understood in different ways, but I just want to try to explain what I see in this story.
To me there are a lot of reasons to believe Josey is not only becoming a killer for revenge, but because he's lost all reasons to live. And the violence he lives is nothing but a desperate attempt not to despair completely. Different scenes made me think that way. First, after he loses his family, he takes a pistol and trains, but even after that (obviously) rare outburst of violence, he doesn't feel any better (sits head down on the grave) . There never is a smile or a sign of relief in the scenes where they shoot and hang red-legs. Again, later, when Fletcher says:
All that a fellow has to do is ride into that union camp... then he can take up his horse again and go home...
(later)
F: There's no way you're gonna get away
J: I reckon that's true
F: Good luck Josey
Josey (to me) looks desperate, lost, incredibly sad at the mention of "home", and then incredule at the "good luck" (good luck for what?). He's got no home anymore, afterall! Later:
Kid: You can't get them all, Josey
J: That's a fact
K:Why are you doing this then?
J: Cause I've got nothing better to do
And, again, in the scene with Ten Bear
TB: You may go in peace
J: I've got nowhere to go
And same scene, later the sentence that wraps it all up:
...when all you have ever cared about has been butchered or raped.
The only time Josey shows a sign of relief after an act of violence is after he kills cpt Terrill. He looks like he's shaking off that nightmare he's been living. So, IMO, this shows that all the rest of the killing was not revenge, and didn't help Josey overcome the losing of his family either. The only death that mattered to him was this one. Josey became a killer of many, but this didn't solve his problem. Violence creates more violence, but doesn't bring peace on a tortured mind. Instead humanity and true honest feelings are lost:
I guess we all died a little in that damn war